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This engraving from Leslie Illustrated was based on a drawing by Lewis. It shows some of the artifacts gathered by Palmer.
Butler Center for Arkansas Studies, Central Arkansas Library System Edward Palmer & the Smithsonian
In 1881 Cyrus Thomas became director of the Division of Mound Exploration of the federal Bureau of Ethnology. One of Thomas’s first official acts was to dispatch Edward Palmer to Toltec. Accompanied by a former slave and artist named H. J. Lewis, Palmer collected surface artifacts and surveyed the site while Lewis made sketches. In January of 1883, Palmer began excavations. The artifacts he collected are now in the National Museum of Natural History at the Smithsonian.
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