American art pottery was designed for decorative rather than utilitarian use. The first art pottery companies originated in Cincinnati, Ohio. Other potteries quickly sprang up around the country as potters and artisans traveled from state to state. The influx of experienced and talented potters, designers, ceramists, and artisans coupled with Arkansas's large clay supply encouraged the development of pottery companies within the state.
Beginning in the 20th century, the manufacture of Arkansas art pottery started at the Ouachita / Hot Springs Clay Products Company. Initially, it followed the national trend of glazed wares with decorations derived from in-mold relief, incised designs, and simple glazes on classic shapes. Despite its short-lived presence, Ouachita developed an unusual swirl pottery that would be their most important achievement. Swirl pottery would go on to become the hallmark of the Niloak Pottery Company of Benton, Arkansas.
Camden Art Pottery and Tile Company, known as "Camark," began operations in 1929 under the direction of John Lessell, a ceramic designer formerly employed by the Owens and Weller Potteries in Ohio. Camark's pottery included mottled and drip glazes common at the time. Camark hired talented artists, remained flexible, and responded to the demands of the industry. As a result, Camark outlasted many of the original Ohio art pottery firms.
Arkansas's significant contribution to art pottery has earned it a place in the history of American decorative arts.
The art pottery collection is not currently on display at the museum.